[NAIVE ART/INFLANTY] - Poland/Courland - 18th/19th century - Scene of the Crucifixion in a Bottle (The Passion of Christ, Golgotha, Folk Art, Wood, Devotional Objects, Religious Art, Monastic Art (?), Lielvārde)

Inside the bottle, on a bench-shaped base, there is a cross with the figure of Christ; surrounding it are the symbols of the Passion: a ladder, a pedestal with a rooster, a spear, a hammer, as well as candles, a monstrance, and palm branches. The individual elements were inserted through the neck (similar to model ships).
Materials: Glass, wood, metal, and paper.
Size: approx. 23 x 9 cm.
Condition as shown in the photos.
Devotional objects of this type belonged to the realm of folk piety; made by small-town and rural artisans, they were sold at church fairs. The Art Department of the Ethnographic Museum in Wrocław holds two “Passion bottles.” The bottle containing the figure of Christ bears the manufacturer’s mark “Ringmundshof,” which identifies it as coming from a workshop in the Courland/Latvian town of Rembate (today Lielvārde); the artist who created the Passion scene is unknown.